Analyze the current situation and working principle of semiconductor

In recent years, China's laser industry has gained rapid development. China is an active manufacturing market and the main market for industrial laser equipment, by macroeconomic development, manufacturing industry upgrading, national policy support and other factors, China's industrial laser industry has become one of the highly concerned industry.

Semiconductor laser application is becoming more and more extensive

As early as the 1980s, semiconductor lasers are still only used in optical storage and some niche applications.semiconductor system At that time, optical storage is the semiconductor laser industry's first large-scale applications. With the semiconductor laser technology continues to innovate, promoting the injection of digital versatile optical disk (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD) and other optical storage technology development. By the 1980s, optical networking became the main battleground for semiconductor lasers. Then later, semiconductor lasers became key processing and manufacturing equipment for communication networks.

Because semiconductor lasers have the advantages of simple manufacturing, easy mass production, low cost, wide wavelength coverage, small size, long life, low energy consumption, and high efficiency of electro-optical conversion, they have been widely used in CD laser record player, fiber optic communication, optical memory, laser printer, etc., and have gradually covered the practical market in each field of optoelectronics. As the output power of semiconductor lasers has been gradually increased and their output characteristics have been improved, they have gradually begun to play a role in the field of industrial processing.semiconductor test system In addition to direct participation in industrial processing, semiconductor lasers are more often used in fiber lasers and solid-state lasers as a pumping source, and the industrial laser market is developing together, and with the outbreak of fiber lasers and ushered in a new growth point.

Semiconductor principle of operation

Semiconductor laser through a certain excitation method, in the semiconductor material between the energy bands (conduction band and valence band), or semiconductor material between the energy bands and impurity (host or donor) energy levels, the realization of non-equilibrium carriers of the number of particles inversion, when the number of particles inversion of a large number of electrons and holes in the state of compounding the role of stimulated emission will be generated.

Semiconductor laser excitation methods are mainly three kinds:

1, electric injection type

Electric injection semiconductor laser is generally made of GaAS (gallium arsenide), InAS (indium arsenide), Insb (indium antimonide) and other materials made of semiconductor surface junction diode,semiconductor solutions along the forward bias injected current for excitation, in the junction plane region to produce excited emission.

2, electron beam excitation type;

Electron beam excitation type semiconductor laser is generally used N-type or P-type semiconductor single crystal (PbS, CdS, ZhO, etc.) as the working material, through the external injection of high-energy electron beam for excitation.

3, optical pumping excitation type;

Optical pumping excitation type semiconductor laser generally with N-type or P-type semiconductor single crystal (GaAS, InAs, InSb, etc.) as the working material, to other lasers issued by the laser for the optical pump excitation.