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Internet of Things: This article outlines NB-IOT and 5G key technologies

5g and nb iot

Many Chinese netizens can say they do not understand what NB-IOT and 5G are supposed 5g and nb iotto be, and whether NB-IOT is a 5G technology in the end issue? Today so we will understand in detail.

【NB-IOT】

NB-IOT is a kind of narrowband rogue network based on cellular, which is an important branch of the Internet. Built from cellular networks, NB-IOT consumes about 180 kHz of broadband and can be deployed directly in GSM networks, UMTS networks or LTE networks to reduce deployment costs and enable smooth upgrades. NB-IOT is a new technology in IoT that supports cellular data connectivity for low-power devices in wide area networks (also known as low-power WANs) and efficient connectivity for devices with long waiting times and high network connectivity requirements.

Advantages of NB-Iot

Strong links.

With the same base station, NB-IOT can provide 50-100 times more access than existing wireless technologies. One sector can support 100,000 connections, supporting low latency sensitivity, ultra-low device cost, low device power consumption and optimized network structure.

High coverage.

NB-IOT has strong indoor coverage capability and improves 20DB gain over LTE, which is equivalent to 100 times higher coverage of different regional development capabilities. Not only we can get to meet the market demand of wide coverage like rural students in China, it is also applicable to the application research of enterprise factory, underground garage, manhole cover, which have requirements for deep network coverage.

Low power consumption.

Low power consumption is an important indicator for IoT applications, especially for devices and occasions where batteries cannot be replaced frequently, such as various sensor monitoring devices located in mountainous, wilderness and remote areas. They cannot be recharged every day like smartphones, and a battery life of several years is the most basic requirement. NB-IOT focuses on small data volume and small rate applications, so the power consumption of NB-IOT devices can be very small.

Low cost.

Nb-iot does not need to rebuild the network, radio frequencies and antennas are basically taken up. For example: Take China Mobile as an example, there is a relatively wide band at 900mhz, and only a part of the 2g band needs to be pulled out to directly deploy lte and nb-iot at the same time. Low-speed, low-power, low-bandwidth nb-iot chips and modules also bring the advantage of low cost.

5G Technology]

5G refers to the fifth generation of mobile communication technology. Unlike the previous four generations, 5G is not a single wireless technology, but a convergence of existing wireless communication technologies.

Key technologies of 5G

New multi-antenna technology.

With the high-speed economic development of wireless communication in China, the demand for data traffic is increasing, and the available spectrum resources are limited, so it is especially important to improve the efficiency of spectrum utilization. Multi-antenna technology is an effective teaching tool that can improve the security and reliability of enterprise networks and spectrum management efficiency, and is currently being applied to various national aspects of the wireless communication engineering field, which can be obtained to ensure the transmission reliability design as well as spectrum efficiency.

The new large-scale antenna technology can achieve higher spatial resolution than the existing MIMO technology, allowing multiple users to use the same time-frequency resources for communication, thus greatly improving frequency efficiency without increasing the density of base stations, reducing the transmit power, focusing the beam in a narrow range and reducing interference.

Use of high frequency band.

For mobile communication system, the frequency band below 3GHz can support mobility well and has good coverage capability, but the spectrum resources in this range are very tight at present, and the spectrum resources above 3GHz are very abundant, if the spectrum resources in this range can be used effectively, it will greatly alleviate the problem of spectrum resource shortage. Therefore, the use of high frequency band will become the trend of future development.

Simultaneous co-channel full duplex.

The traditional wireless communication technology cannot realize simultaneous co-channel two-way communication due to its limitation, which causes great waste of resources. And full-duplex co-channel technology can realize two-way communication of upstream and downstream co-channel resources, which can theoretically double the resource utilization.

Direct communication network between devices.

The existing wireless data communication information technology development is based on the base station can be the center of research, there are with certain limitations, such as the system in the coverage and capacity and other aspects of the problem. Although relay technology and multipoint collaborative learning technology enterprises can effectively improve the coverage performance of our cells and increase the throughput of cell edge users, but the base station and relay node location is fixed, the network economic structure and services are not flexible enough, the overall coverage of the system and the experience of cell edge users still does not exist to improve the city space.

Direct device communication (D2D) technology enables data transmission between neighboring terminals via direct links over short distances without passing through intermediate nodes. The short-range direct technology has the following advantages: the invention can achieve high data rates, low latency, and low power consumption; it can achieve efficient use of spectrum resources; it can obtain resource space division multiplexing gain; it can provide flexible data services by taking advantage of the local data sharing needs of wireless P2P and other services; and it can extend network coverage by using a large number of communication terminals in the network.

Self-organizing networks.

In traditional wireless communication networks, network deployment, configuration, operation and maintenance are done manually, which not only takes up a lot of human resources but also is very inefficient. With the rapid development of mobile communication networks, it is difficult to achieve good network optimization by human resources alone. In order to solve the problem of network deployment and optimization for operators and at the same time reduce the proportion of operators' investment in operation and maintenance to the total investment, the concept of self-organizing network (sub) is proposed to enable operators to quickly and easily deploy networks to meet customers' needs. The design idea of self-organizing network is to introduce self-organizing capabilities into the network, including self-organization, liberalization, and self-healing to reduce human intervention.

Relationship between [5G and NB-IOT]

Many students do not understand what exactly the social relationship between 5G and NB-IOT should be, and whether NB-IOT is a 5G technology or not.

In fact, 5G technology not only brings faster network speed, but also makes it possible to connect everything intelligently. NB-IOT is the prelude and foundation of 5G commercialization, so it is necessary to develop NB-IOT before realizing 5G. All the evolution of NB-IOT is more important, such as supporting multicast, continuous mobility, and new power levels, etc. As long as the infrastructure such as NB-IOT is perfect, the 5G can be truly realized.


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